واحد مشترک کمکی پژوهش و مهندسی «هوش یار-تواندار» (HT-CSURE)
Hooshyar-Tavandar Common Subsidiary Unit for Research & Engineering
واحد مشترک کمکی پژوهش و مهندسی «هوش یار-تواندار» (HT-CSURE)
Hooshyar-Tavandar Common Subsidiary Unit for Research & Engineeringکاغذ ضدحریق تولید شد
کاغذ ضدحریق تولید شد
محققان با استفاده از نانوسیم های حاوی نانوذرات، موفق به ساخت کاغذ ضدحریقی شدند که دارای خواص آنتی باکتریال است. این کاغذ برای حفظ اسناد مهم بسیار مناسب است.
بخش دانش و زندگی تبیان
به گزارش تبیان به نقل از خبرگزاری مهر به نقل از ستاد ویژه توسعه فناوری نانو، پژوهشگران چینی موفق به ساخت کاغذ ضدحریق شدند که در آن از نانوسیم استفاده شده است. این کاغذ نسبت به باکتری ها مقاوم بوده و می تواند مانع از گسترش عفونت شود.
محققان موسسه سرامیک شانگهای روشی یک مرحله ای با استفاده از حلال و گرما برای این کار ارائه کردند. آنها از نانوسیم های هیدروکسیدآپاتایت برای ساخت این کاغذ استفاده کردند. روی این نانوسیم ها از نانوذرات نقره استفاده شده است که دارای خواص آنتی باکتریال است.
نانوسیم های مورد استفاده در این پروژه با روش حلال گرمایی (Solvothermal) تولید شده اند و از یک فرآیند مبتنی بر الکل برای استخراج استفاده شده تا نانوسیم ها از محلول فسفات جداسازی شود. از اولئات کلسیم به عنوان منبع کلسیم و تامین کننده ماده اولیه استفاده شده است.
برای تامین فسفر نیز از
نمک های فسفات سدیم استفاده شده است که در ترکیب حلال های آب و اتانول قرار
داده شده است. دمای بالا نقش بسیار مهمی در تشکیل این ماده دارد.
نانوسیم
های بلند هیدروکسی آپاتایت دارای قطری در حدود چند ده نانومتر هستند که
طولی در ابعاد چند صد میکرومتر دارند که ممکن است به یک میلیمتر نیز برسد.
محققان این پروژه نشان دادند که این ساختار از استحکام بالایی برخوردار بوده و می توان با استفاده از آن ورق هایی در حد A4 تولید کرد. به راحتی می توان هر تصویری را روی این کاغذ چاپ کرد.
نکته جالب توجه در این پروژه آن است که این کاغذ دارای خواص آنتی باکتریال است بنابراین برای استفاده در بیمارستان ها نیز مناسب است. در واقع این کاغذ ضدحریق، وسیله ای مناسب برای حفظ اسناد مهم است.
از این روش، علاوه بر تولید کاغذ ضدحریق، می توان برای مهندسی بافت استخوان، رهاسازی دارو، جذب آلودگی های آلی و یون های فلزی استفاده کرد.
Small & modern 430 sq. ft. starter home is built with Passive House principles in mind
Small & modern 430 sq. ft. starter home is built with Passive House principles in mind
Small homes can have a bit more widespread appeal relative to tiny homes. Compared to tiny houses that top out at only around a couple hundred square feet or so, small homes -- which typically measure 400 square feet and up -- won't be as cramped for families, yet would still present significant savings in maintenance, not to mention making home ownership much more in affordable reach compared to a much larger-sized home.
It's this idea of the small and affordable "starter home" that led Paul Hennessy of Park Homes in Christchurch, New Zealand to build this ultra-modern 43 x 10 feet small home on wheels according to Passive House principles -- super-insulating it as well as ensuring excellent heat recovery ventilation. Bryce of Living Big in A Tiny House gets a tour of this attractive small home:
First off, the exterior of this small home is quite striking: its shiny black skin is actually aluminum composite panel (ACP), a material that is often used for billboards (according to some YouTube commenters, there are some potential fire safety and durability concerns with this material). The walls are made with structural insulated panels (SIPs). The wheels of the trailer base have been cleverly hidden from view using a 'skirt' made from the same material. The dog's shelter has been conveniently incorporated under the entry deck.
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
© Living Big In A Tiny House
Stepping inside, a much larger, open living room and kitchen greets visitors -- it's amazing what a few extra square feet can do to open up a space. The interior was designed by Paul's wife, Pascale, who came up with a sleek, modern look. In the kitchen, they've replaced the standard, unsightly bulk of the kitchen hood with a minimalist slit built into the wall that sucks cooking odours outside.
© Living Big In A Tiny House
© Living Big In A Tiny House
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
© Living Big In A Tiny House
A small hallway leads to the office/second bedroom, bathroom and master bedroom. Though a hallway might seem like wasted space here, Hennessey says that the idea is to make it feel like any regular home with corridors.
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
The bathroom is decently appointed in size, and visually enlarged with an extra-big mirror.
© Living Big In A Tiny House
The master bedroom is relatively big, allowing enough space for the inhabitants to walk around the bed, and enough storage space for clothing. Another nice touch is the storage hidden under the bed itself.
© Living Big In A Tiny House
Living Big In A Tiny House/Video screen capture
Hennessey explains that the idea here was to create an affordable "starter home" that would feel like a real, regular house, or perhaps a stepping stone before building or moving onto a larger home. He estimates that a basic version would cost about USD $55,000 to make, which is pretty decent for 430 square feet that's also earthquake-resistant.
It's admittedly not as mobile as a tiny home on wheels -- this portable small home is only meant to be moved around on the same piece of property and going on the road would require it to be lifted onto a flatbed truck. So for people leery of the teeny size of tiny homes and their transient status on wheels, this is one small home that addresses these issues, using a few clever design ideas to make it feel more permanent and less trailer-like, and more modern. More over at Living Big in A Tiny House and Park Homes NZ.
AVAVA's prefab small homes come flat-packed with an innovative framing system
AVAVA's prefab small homes come flat-packed with an innovative framing system
Though it's not timed like the seasonal in-and-out of wasteful, disposable fashion, housing trends do eventually change along with the times. With a) an aging boomer population emptying the nest, and b) a growing number of urban-based millennials, plus c) more people looking to something more efficient to maintain and hopefully more tasteful than a monstrous McMansion, it makes sense that smaller homes are coming to the fore, be they self-built tiny houses, micro-apartments or high-quality prefabs.
California-based AVAVA Systems is one of these companies offering high-end, flat-pack, prefabricated small homes with an emphasis on ease of assembly, sustainable materials and seismic strength. The company's flagship product is the Britespace, which comes in three sizes: 264, 352 and 480 square feet.
© AVAVA Systems
They all use AVAVA's innovative framing system, which is not only strong but is relatively simple to put together, taking only a matter of weeks, rather than months, to completely build the home. Incidentally, the system was first successfully tested by founders David Wilson and Michael Kozel during the Burning Man arts festival in 2005, to show that it could be a better alternative to the 150-year-old stick framing system. The company explains:
The AVAVA framing system is designed to create the skeleton or frame of building with as few components as possible. A typical 264 to 480 Britespace home is assembled using only 16 bolts and no nails or adhesive. It allows for open floor plans and large window walls without the use of expensive steel assemblies.
Readily available engineered wood I-joists are combined with our patented connectors called Joist-Locks to create moment-resisting frames that support our structures for design gravity, wind, and seismic loads. This eliminates the need for traditional plywood shear walls or steel moment resisting frames. Our I-joist space frames also precisely set the geometry of our structures thus allowing for roof, floor and wall modules to be installed easily and taken apart easily as well.
© AVAVA Systems
The house uses structural insulated panels (SIPs), Marvin windows (the largest being 10’ x 16'), Jet Board and IPE siding, real oak flooring and all LED lighting; all materials are formaldehyde-free and low-VOC. With the addition of a solar power system, the house can be a net zero energy house.
© AVAVA Systems
© AVAVA Systems
© AVAVA Systems
Construction waste is significantly reduced with the prefab mode of building, and the company estimates that 50 percent less concrete is used for the foundation. Best of all, the home can be easily disassembled and erected elsewhere; this prefab can go where you go.
© AVAVA Systems
Of course, quality doesn't come cheap: the base price for the smallest 264-square-foot Britespace -- pictured above -- starts at USD $60,000, rising up to $90,000 if you add a kitchen and bathroom and topping out at $123,000 for kitchen, bathroom, and all the premium finishes and architectural options. The company expects that costs will be reduced as production scales up, however. While small homes may look the same on the outside, Avava's robust framing system and use of high-quality, sustainable and local materials may make all the difference in the end. For more information, visit AVAVA Systems.
Man builds low-cost tiny home with recycled materials for $500
Man builds low-cost tiny home with recycled materials for $500
As we've seen with glamper microhomes and high-end, luxurious tiny homes (that come with their own high-end price tag), smaller spaces aren't always as affordable as one may think. However, using salvaged materials and gifted items will keep costs down, as Pacific Northwest resident Scott Brooks did with his tiny home, which he built for "well below" USD $500.
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
Seen over at Gizmag, Brooks' home is also tiny for a tiny home: measuring only 83 square feet, it sits on a 20-acre piece of land owned by a friend in Washington. Brooks, who constructed the house after a two-year-long journey around Africa, Thailand, India, Nepal, Montana and Alaska, moved back home to settle down a bit, while helping friends start an organic farm. He's dubbed his abode the "Transforming Tiny Home," and built out the interior, while his friend designed the structure.
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
There are no fancy bells and whistles here, no silly, superfluous granite countertops, but the no-frills budget means compromises like no alternative energy options like photovoltaics, no plumbing, no refrigerator, and no cladding (yet) on the exterior. Brooks is connected to the main grid, heating is provided with a gifted woodstove and he uses a nearby outdoor shower and outhouse instead. But the basics are there, and the interior is efficient and compact with a sitting area, fold-down bed, a wall full of hooks and storage shelving, and a generous work surface that doubles as a kitchen, thanks to an awesome, ninja-style hood that hides a portable propane cooktop.
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
Even though the house is compact, it has a lot of natural daylighting, thanks to a recycled skylight window and a large front window.
© Scott Brooks / Brendan McGarry
It may be a small space, but Brooks makes good use of the wildly beautiful outdoors that is his front yard. With a cost of only $500, hand-built with hard work and made possible by friendship, it's an affordable tiny home to be proud of. More images over at Gizmag and Scott Brooks' blog.
Shipping Container Housing by Intermodal Design: These Guys Are Good
Shipping Container Housing by Intermodal Design: These Guys Are Good
A couple of years ago Paul Stankey built a little cabin in the woods outside of Duluth, Minnesota, out of a couple of shipping containers. It is all over the web these days and all over the country too; Analee Newitz at i09 puts it in Massachusetts.
Now, after building a great reputation in modern prefab with Hive Modular,
Paul and partners have started Intermodal Design to take their shipping
container ideas to market. And these guys know what they are doing.
For one thing, they are not hacking the containers apart. Shipping containers are monocoque construction; the walls are the structure. When you start cutting them out you have to put in beams and pretty soon the economics of using off-the-shelf containers stops making sense.
They also get that containers are small; they were not designed for people but for stuff. So they have designed some interesting built-in furniture that folds out of the walls:
creating a dining area
and even a fold-out bed.
Intermodal quotes Thoreau: "Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!" and claims to "believe in the power of simplicity, the importance of affordability and the necessity of green spaces to enjoy the comfort and beauty of nature."
If you are going to squeeze into a space only 7'6" wide, you have to keep it simple, and be willing to live with a little bit less. Intermodal has kept their designs simple and unpretentious. Nice work at Intermodal Design